create(); // grant reports-view permission $role = Role::create(['name' => 'Reporter', 'slug' => 'reporter']); $perm = Permission::firstOrCreate(['slug' => 'reports-view'], ['name' => 'Reports View']); $role->permissions()->syncWithoutDetaching($perm->id); $role->users()->syncWithoutDetaching($user->id); $this->actingAs($user); $response = $this->get(route('reports.index')); $response->assertSuccessful(); $response->assertInertia(fn ($page) => $page ->component('Reports/Index') ->has('reports') ); });